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Fallacies from Chapter 3

Inconsistency

Definition Model for Inconsistency

Fallacy	Inconsistency
Short Definition	a contradiction
Long Definition	argue for contradictory premises or for contradictory conclusions
Form	A and not A
Keywords	it's Not that it's A, it's just that it's A
How to Explain	State which words are opposite in meaning to show the contradiction
Example	It's not that you're stupid. It's just that you're dumb.

Notes on Inconsistency

1. Inconsistency involves a contradiction, that is, saying one thing and then saying the opposite. It usually involves different words with opposite meanings.

2. Inconsistency means to argue from contradictory premises or to argue for contradicting conclusions. If two premises contradict each other then one must be false.

3. Types of inconsistency:

a. in the same sentence
b. in the same argument or passage
c. over time while not explaining the switch in viewpoint
d. within the same organization
e. hypocrisy (a gap between words and actions; that is, someone says one thing and then does the opposite).

4. Due to vagueness or ambiguity, many people or organizations get away with inconsistency through a reinterpretation of their statements.

5. Inconsistency does NOT mean we have to stay fixed with a certain position when new evidence arises. Example: A person who is pro-choice on abortion, and after much reflection and studying of the evidence decides to be pro-life. (or vice-versa)

6. In politics, inconsistency is exhibited in these phrases: flip-flopping, blowing in the wind, or waffling on the issues.

Examples of Inconsistency

1. It's not that you're stupid. It's just that you're dumb.

Analysis: Note that this looks like begging the question, but it is NOT, because 'not stupid' and 'dumb' are opposites and thus contradict each other.